As a business or property owner in Nigeria, having a Fire Safety Certificate is not just another safety precaution but an important legal requirement. In this article, I will explain what it is, why you need it, and the requirements to get Fire Safety Certificate in Nigeria.
The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (as amended) provides that “the security and welfare of the people” is one of the primary purposes of the government. This shows the value the government places on the lives of its people and explains why we have laws and authorities established to preserve lives.
Fire safety is a critical aspect of the law designed to protect lives and property from fire incidents. Therefore, business and property owners need to be compliant with fire safety regulations. One effective way to achieve this is by obtaining a Fire Safety Certificate.
What is a Fire Safety Certificate?
A Fire Safety Certificate is an official document issued by the Federal Fire Service (FFS), certifying that a building complies with all relevant fire safety regulations and standards laid down by the law.
The Federal Fire Service of Nigeria was established in April 1963 under the Federal Fire Service Act (1963, as amended). It is the body with statutory responsibility for fire prevention, firefighting and control, search and rescue operations, fire outbreak mitigation, paramedical services, and public information.
In line with the body’s mission to “ensure the safety of lives,” having this certificate signals to both governing authorities and the general public that you seek to ensure that lives are properties are safeguarded.
It demonstrates that adequate measures, such as fire alarms, extinguishers, and emergency exits, are in place to prevent and control fire incidents.
Who needs a Fire Safety Certificate in Nigeria?
The following types of establishments and buildings are required to obtain a Fire Safety Certificate in Nigeria:
- Schools, hospitals, and other institutional buildings
- Commercial properties and office complexes
- Government and public buildings
- Hotels, guest houses, and accommodation facilities
- Petrol and gas stations
- Malls, cinemas, and entertainment centres
- Factories, warehouses, and other industrial facilities
Importance of a Fire Safety Certificate in Nigeria
For property and business owners, especially those who deal with inflammable products, here are some reasons why getting a fire safety certificate is important:
1. Compliance
This certificate ensures that businesses and property owners remain compliant with fire safety laws like the Federal Fire Service Act 1963 and the National Building Code 2006 (Revised).
This is because operating without this certificate may attract regulatory sanctions such as closure orders, prosecution, denial of permits, etc.
2. Insurance and Safety Assurance
Some insurance companies request this certificate before providing coverage. Also, having it assures occupants and visitors about their safety in your building.
3. Business and Building Approvals
Government agencies and local councils may require a valid Fire Safety Certificate before issuing certain business or building permits, e.g., planning permits.
4. Reputation and Public Trust
Displaying this certificate helps to build confidence among clients, tenants, and visitors. It shows that your organisation prioritises safety and compliance, and can influence customer decisions, especially in sectors like hospitality, education, and manufacturing.
5. Risk Reduction and Emergency Preparedness
Obtaining this certificate means your property has undergone fire risk assessments and met safety standards.
This significantly reduces the chances of fire incidents and ensures that if one occurs, there are proper systems in place to protect lives and property.
Requirements To Get Fire Safety Certificate in Nigeria
As of now, the provisions for obtaining a Fire Safety Certificate online are still under development; therefore, it can only be obtained on-site by visiting any of the Federal Fire Service (FFS) Zonal Commands.
Pre-Application Requirements
Before applying for the certificate, here are some technical requirements your building should meet:
- Approved building plan: This must meet the National Building Code fire-safety standards
- Fire-Fighting Equipment: Ensure that you have extinguishers, hoses, fire blankets, and sprinkler systems installed
- Water Source & Hydrants: Your property should have water tanks or hydrants
- Alarm & Smoke Detection: Ensure you have smoke detectors, evacuation alarms, or a manual call system
- Safety Officer: Appoint a trained Fire Marshal or one with equivalent qualifications
- Fire Safety Audit: This is often done by an FFS-approved consultant
Documents Needed for Fire Safety Certificate in Nigeria
Before applying for a Fire Safety Certificate, ensure you have the following documents ready:
- Completed Application Form
- Payment Receipt
- Proof of ownership of property, such as a Tenancy Agreement, Certificate of Occupancy (C of O), or Deed of Assignment.
- Building plan approval
- Fire Safety Audit Report
- Evidence of installed fire-fighting equipment
- Fire Alarm Installation Certificate
Step Guide to Get a Fire Safety Certificate
When you have met all the requirements and have the documents ready, follow the process below to apply:
- Visit the nearest Federal Fire Service (FFS) Zonal Command closest to you
- Submit all required documents (as listed above)
- Obtain and complete the Fire Safety Certificate (FSC) Application Form
- Pay the processing fee into the designated account provided by the FFS
- Schedule and undergo a fire safety inspection of your premises
- If compliant, your Fire Safety Certificate will be issued
- If not compliant, address the issues identified during inspection and request a re-inspection
Cost of Fire Safety Certificate in Nigeria
The cost of obtaining a Fire Safety Certificate in Nigeria may vary depending on the state, type of property, and inspection findings. Fees are also subject to change, so ensure you always confirm with the local FFS office before making any payment.
For estimation purposes, here’s a general breakdown:
- Application Fee – ₦100,000 – ₦150,000 (Varies by building type and state)
- Re-inspection fee – ₦30,000 (Applies if your building fails the first inspection)
- Annual renewal fee – 50% of the original fee
- Fire Hydrant Certification – ₦5000 per hydrant
- Timeline – 3-6 weeks
To avoid payment errors or scams, do not make any payments to unofficial accounts or individuals. Always confirm the designated Federal Fire Service (FFS) account details directly at the local or state office.
Keep your payment receipt and acknowledgement slip safe because you’ll need them for verification and collection of your certificate.
Validity and Renewal of Fire Safety Certificate
When issued, the Fire Safety Certificate is valid for one (1) year and is renewable upon the expiration of its validity.
Common Issues Applicants May Face
Below are some common changes in obtaining a fire service certificate
- Missing or Incomplete Documents: Double-check that all documents are intact and correct before submission.
- Failed Inspection: To avoid the possibility of this, ensure that your premises have met the pre-application requirements listed above.
- Delay in application approval: In some cases, it might take some time for the approval to be given. Be patient and always check in with the local office for updates on your application.
FAQs on Fire Safety Certificate in Nigeria
Q: Is the Fire Safety Certificate mandatory?
A: Yes, a Fire Safety Certificate is legally mandatory for buildings, especially commercial and certain residential properties. Ensure you remain compliant to avoid sanctions.
Q: Is the FSC gotten once and for all?
A: No, FSC certification is not for life; it is annually renewable.
Q: Can I apply for a Fire Safety Certificate online?
A: No, you cannot apply for a Fire Safety Certificate online as the facilities to do so are still being set up.
Q: What happens if I don’t have a Fire Safety Certificate?
A: Operating without a valid Fire Safety Certificate may result in penalties, closure of premises, or denial of business approvals by regulatory agencies.
Q: Can individuals (not companies) apply for a Fire Safety Certificate?
A: Yes. Private homeowners or landlords can also apply, especially for rental properties, public buildings, and event centres.
Conclusion
Getting a Fire Safety Certificate in Nigeria is an important legal requirement. But more than that, it is a core safety measure that protects lives and properties, starting with yours.
By complying with fire safety regulations, you demonstrate responsibility, protect your investments, and contribute to a safer environment for everyone.
The Nigerian government has set the framework; now it’s your turn to take action and stay compliant.
I hope this guide has been insightful and practical enough to walk you through the process of getting your Fire Safety Certificate in Nigeria.
Feel free to leave us a comment if you have any suggestions or recommendations.
